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Suspended Magnets, also known as suspended magnets or overhead magnets, are a type of equipment used in industrial processes to separate and remove ferromagnetic impurities from various material streams. It uses the principle of magnetic fields to remove iron and steel impurities from bulk materials during processing or transportation. Under the influence of magnetic forces, suspended magnets can maintain product purity, equipment protection, and the safety and quality of the final product. By placing strong magnets above a conveyor belt or chute, when the material containing ferromagnetic metals passes below, the ferromagnetic impurities are successfully separated and collected from the non-magnetic material.

There are three main types:

Permanent suspension magnets – Made up of magnets that work independently without the need for external power, they typically use rare earth magnets with excellent magnetic properties, such as neodymium magnets.

Electromagnetic suspension magnets – A magnetic field is created by passing an electric current through a coil, and the operator can control the magnitude of the magnetic force.

Overhead suspension magnets – Usually mounted above a conveyor belt or material chute, both permanent and electromagnets offer a variety of benefits and are used in a variety of industries.

Suspended Magnets

Suspended Magnets have a wide range of applications

- In the mining and quarrying industries, Suspended Magnets are used to remove metal and mineral impurities from raw materials such as coal, limestone and ore. These magnets protect downstream machinery, such as crushers and conveyor belts, from possible damage and ensure the cleanliness of delivered materials.

- Recycling plants use recycling plant magnets to separate ferrous elements from mixed waste streams. These magnets quickly remove magnetic impurities such as metal fragments, plastics, glass and electronic waste from recyclable materials, resulting in cleaner, higher-grade recyclable materials.

- On construction and demolition sites, construction site magnets are used to efficiently extract ferrous fragments, such as nails and screws, from debris. This process ensures the safety and efficiency of the construction and demolition process and protects downstream equipment, such as crushers and conveyor belts, from potential damage from metal fragments.

- In waste management facilities, waste management magnets are used to sort and separate ferrous fragments from mixed solid waste streams. These magnets aid recycling activities and support more sustainable waste management methods.

- In the food processing industry, food processing magnets are used to find and remove iron impurities in equipment or packaging to maintain the purity and safety of food.

Potential uses and advantages of suspended magnets

The growing demand for suspended magnets in emerging markets, especially in transportation systems such as maglev trains, energy and other fields, provides new market opportunities for suspended magnets. The application of maglev technology in the transportation field can reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption, and future development will focus on innovations in environmental friendliness and energy conservation. Magnetic levitation performance and responsiveness are improved through sensor technology, control algorithms and power electronics technology. Superconducting materials and cryogenic technology can achieve more powerful and efficient maglev systems, thereby increasing the impact of this technology on people's production.

prefabricated formwork

In the contemporary construction sector, prefabricated formwork has gained widespread adoption across residential, commercial, public buildings, and infrastructure projects in Europe and the United States. Specifically, in residential construction, prefabricated formwork is utilized for prefabricated and modular housing. For commercial developments, it is employed in office buildings and shopping malls. In infrastructure, it is integral to bridges, tunnels, roads, and other critical projects. The reliability and safety of precast concrete formwork during construction ensure it meets the stringent standards required by the industry. This raises the question: what are the primary standards governing prefabricated formwork in Europe and the United States?

prefabricated formwork

Firstly, European standards encompass:

EN 12370:2006 - This standard outlines performance requirements and testing methods for precast concrete formwork, addressing the following aspects:

1. Load-bearing capacity: Templates must withstand maximum static loads, including concrete weight, personnel, and equipment. Dynamic load-bearing capacity considers potential vibrations and shocks during construction.

2. Stiffness: Templates should maintain sufficient rigidity to prevent surface defects in concrete due to excessive deformation. Support systems must be designed to provide adequate support under load.

3. Durability: Materials should resist harsh environmental conditions such as moisture and corrosion, allowing for multiple reuses to reduce costs and environmental impact.

4. Safety: Structural stability during installation and use is paramount to prevent collapses from improper support or material failure. Design considerations must prioritize operator safety during assembly and disassembly.

Additionally, Europe adheres to two other key standards:

EN 13369:2006: Specifies performance requirements and test methods for connections and fasteners to ensure overall formwork system stability and reliability.

EN 12371:2006: Provides detailed guidelines for the installation and safe operation of precast concrete formwork.

Secondly, North American standards include:

ACI 318-14: Code for Concrete for Building Structures, serving as the foundational code for concrete structure design in the United States. It details technical requirements for concrete structures, including prefabricated components.

1. Material Requirements:

Concrete: Must meet strength, durability, and workability criteria.

Reinforcement: Properties and quality must comply with ASTM standards.

2. Design Requirements:

Load-bearing capacity: Templates must withstand design loads, including self-weight, construction loads, and environmental loads.

Structural analysis: Ensures stability and safety under various load conditions.

Connections and joints: Properly designed to ensure structural continuity and stability.

3. Construction Requirements:

Quality control: Strict adherence to quality control standards ensures installation and fixation meet design specifications.

On-site inspection and testing: Regular inspections verify performance and quality.

4. Durability Requirements:

Durability: Designs must consider long-term use, including corrosion and fatigue resistance.

Protective measures: Prevent damage during construction and use.

standards for prefabricated formwork

PCI Standards:

The Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) develops and maintains comprehensive industry standards covering design, detailing, manufacturing, transportation, and installation. PCI standards are rigorously reviewed and certified by ANSI for broad applicability.

ACI Standard:

ACI 318: Code for Concrete for Building Structures, serves as the foundational code for concrete structure design in the United States, providing detailed technical requirements for concrete structures, including prefabricated components.

International Building Code (IBC):

The IBC, approved by state and local legislatures, adopts relevant standards such as ASCE 7 and ACI 318, providing a legal framework and technical basis for precast concrete applications.